A dwarfing mutant caused by deactivation function of alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein in rice

Dwarf mutants in plants are crucial for elucidating regulatory mechanisms for plant growth and development. Previous studies suggested that the heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunit known as D1/RGA1 in rice was involved in deactivation function of the G protein. However, so far no partner has been analyzed the spatial structure change acting with D1. In this study, a dwarf mutant designated Mu101 was obtained in M₂ population of rice indica cultivar M804 treated with ⁶⁰Co γ-ray. Genetic analysis of Mu101 indicated that the dwarf phenotype was controlled by a single dwarf gene, and the dwarf mutant was insensitive to gibberellin (GA), which was named dwarf 89 (d89). Using a large F₂ population derived from a cross between the d89 and a japonica rice variety, Taigeng16, the D89 gene was fine mapped into a 62.13 kb physical distance on chromosome 5, where eight open reading frames were predicted. Sequence analysis indicated that only one bp substitution (A-G) was found in LOC_Os05g26890 between M804 and the d89 mutant. The rice GA insensitive dwarf mutant DWARF1 gene was in this locus. The modeling analysis showed amino acid threonine to alanine mutation was likely to make the alpha helix short, and led to the G protein deactivation.     

基于ANN的抽水蓄能电站建模与过渡过程优化

对大型带长引水管道的抽水蓄能电站机组调节系统进行了建模与过渡过程调节参数优化的研究.依据某抽水蓄能电站的具体参数,利用Matlab/Simulink对其机组调节系统建模,其中长引水管道系统采用弹性水击模型以较准确地反映较长压力管道内的水力振动特性,然后利用BP和RBF神经网络训练水泵水轮机特性参数,以获取较精确的水轮机模型,从而避免用插值法处理密集、交叉现象严重的水泵水轮机“S”特性曲线带来的误差.基于所建立的仿真模型,引入改进正交试验法对其空载频率扰动、负荷扰动及甩负荷过渡过程进行调节参数优化.结果表明,所建立的调节系统仿真模型可以在一定程度上反映机组的实际特性,并且改进正交试验法在机组调节系统过渡过程仿真试验参数优化中取得了很好的效果.本研究对大型抽水蓄能机组调节系统建模仿真具有一定的指导意义,为实际运行中机组过渡过程优化控制提供了理论依据和技术参考.     

桔梗快繁体系的建立

以桔梗茎段为外植体,通过不定芽诱导与生根培养,获得了再生植株;以桔梗茎、叶为外植体,研究愈伤组织的诱导与分化。结果表明:茎段不定芽诱导培养基以MS+6-BA 1.0 mgL+NAA 0.05 mgL最佳,生根培养基以12MS+IAA 1.0 mgL+NAA 0.5 mgL最佳;茎、叶外植体均可成功诱导愈伤组织,其中以茎诱导率最高,最适培养基MS+2,4-D 1.0 mgL+6-BA 0.2 mgL。愈伤组织均可分化培养成完整植株,为桔梗优良株系的繁育和利用提供了有效途径。      

后林改时期农户林业生产行为动态趋势分析——以湖南省为例

在后林改时期,农户已成为我国集体林区主要林业经营主体。文中梳理了农户林业生产行为相关研究文献;以湖南省为研究区域,从林业生产过程角度揭示林改后农户造林、抚育和采伐行为动态趋势,从投入角度探讨林业资金和劳动力投入行为变化趋势,从林业产出角度分析林业收入水平和来源结构变化趋势及其与林业生产行为变化之间的关系;总结了后林改时期农户林业生产行为的基本发展趋势。     

Resistance spectrum assay and fine mapping of the blast resistance gene from a rice experimental line, IRBLta2-Re

In the present study, we performed the resistance assessment by rice blast inoculation on IRBLta2-Re and IRBLta-CP1, the experimental lines supposed to carry rice blast resistance genes Pita2 and Pita, respectively. The analysis by using 196 rice blast isolates derived from China indicated that the resistance spectrum of IRBLta2-Re was broader than that of IRBLta-CP1. Both IRBLta2-Re and IRBLta-CP1 have the Pita gene by analyzing the functional single amino acid difference of Pita/pita locus. To identify the additional gene in IRBLta2-Re, 1250 F₂ individuals from the cross between CO39 and IRBLta2-Re were used as the mapping population. The F₂ population was inoculated with the blast isolate 08-T4 which was incompatible to IRBLta2-Re, but compatible to CO39 and IRBLta-CP1. In the phenotypic data analysis, the F₂ population segregated in a 3:1 ratio for resistant and susceptible plants, respectively, suggesting that IRBLta2-Re has an additional resistance gene other than Pita, which was tentatively designated Pita3(t) (supposed to be Pita2). To identify the Pita3(t), a total of 50 microsatellite and 12 position specific microsatellite markers distributed by two sides of the Pita gene were selected in the parent polymorphism screening. The results showed that PT4 and PT5 were co-segregated with the target gene. A contig map corresponding to the resistance gene and Pita genes was constructed based on the fine mapping and bioinformatics assay. The resistance gene, Pita3(t), was, thus, assumed to be in an interval of approximately 178 kb which containing a total of 5 NBS–LRR genes, and was about 500 kb away from the Pita gene.     

基于主成份分析法的我国水产苗种产业区域划分及影响因素研究

水产苗种的产业化生产是未来水产养殖发展的必然趋势。分析了中国29个省区水产苗种产业,通过主成份分析得出了苗种产业竞争力评价指标,包括基础设施指标、人力资源指标、自然资源指标以及政策指标。其中基础设施指标、人力资源指标在产业区域竞争力形成过程中起到至关重要的作用。最后,根据4个指标得分和综合竞争力排名情况,将中国水产苗种产业划分为高度发达地区、较发达地区、欠发达区域以及落后地区4大类区域。并对4类区域的竞争力指标情况,提出针对性的产业提升建议。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒Real-time PCR检测方法的建立

为定量检测猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）载量,建立PEDV的Real—timePCR方法。用RT-PCR方法扩增PEDV的M基因片段,构建含有M基因片段的重组质粒,用该重组质粒进行SYBRGreen I Real—timePCR,来建立检测PEDV的荧光定量PCR方法。结果显示：在（5．56×10^2-5．56×10^7）拷贝／皿范围内,所建立方法具有优良的线性关系,其决定系数为0．9996,扩增效率为99．5％,扩增产物的熔解曲线只有一个特异性峰,无引物二聚体峰,熔解温度为（81．18±0．21）℃。该方法对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、猪圆环病毒II型等猪源病毒均检测不到扩增产物,重复性试验的变异系数小于3％,对临床样品的检出率高于常规PCR方法。研究结果表明：建立的Real-timePCR检测方法特异性强、重复性好、灵敏性高,可用于PEDV的定量检测及其早期感染的快速诊断。     

PR10的结构、信号转导以及功能的研究进展

PR10蛋白是植物在受到各类生物和非生物胁迫后产生的一种病程相关蛋白(Pathogenesis related proteins, PRs)。本文首先回顾和总结了PRs以及PR10近年来的研究进展。主要介绍了PR10蛋白的序列和结构特征,并结合国内外的研究成果总结了PR10的信号转导途径;分析了PR10蛋白在不同方面的功能,比如具有核酸酶活性,抵抗病原微生物等生物与非生物胁迫,以及与宿主细胞程序化死亡密切相关等方面,最后提出了PR10在目前研究中依然存在的问题及对未来的展望,所以研究该抗病基因的功能和作用机制对于今后在改良农作物的品质,提高作物产量方面具有重要的意义。     

福建省鸡源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

为探究福建地区鸡致病性大肠杆菌分离株的耐药情况。通过采集疑似大肠杆病死鸡的肝、脾、肺等脏器病料,并结合流行病学、临床学、病理学、生物化学和实验室PCR方法进行分离与鉴定,最终确诊为鸡大肠杆菌病。挑选分离的12株鸡大肠杆菌进行药敏试验,明确大肠杆菌耐药谱,为筛选敏感药物用于治疗与预防该病提供参考。